نگاهی انتقادی به پیش‌نویس مواد راجع به مسئولیت سازمان‌های بین‌المللی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه حقوق عمومی، دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی دانشگاه تهران

2 دانشجوی دکترای حقوق بین الملل دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

تدوین طرح مسئولیت دولت‌ها برای اعمال متخلفانه بین‌المللی به عنوان یک نقطه‌ی عطفدر فعالیت کمیسیون حقوق بین‌الملل، این نهاد را ترغیب نمود تا با تدوین مقرراتی در زمینه مسئولیت سازمان‌های بین‌المللی، کار خود را در خصوص مسئولیت بین‌المللی تکمیل نماید؛ اما حاصل کار کمیسیون پس از یک دهه، تدوین یک پیش‌نویس مواد بود که با انتقادات فراوانی روبرو گردید. در کنار انتقادات وارده به برخی مواد، عمده نگرانی‌ها در خصوص موفقیت این سند، ناشی از ایرادات کلی در عملکرد است که عدم توجه کافی به تفاوت‌های میان دولت و سازمان بین‌المللی از یک‌سو و تفاوت‌های میان خود سازمان‌ها در موضوع مسئولیت از سوی دیگر و همچنین فقدان رویه قضایی کافی در مورد سازمان‌ها از آن جمله‌اند. در این مقاله هدف این است که مبتنی بر یک روش توصیفی– تحلیلی، مهمترین ایرادات و انتقادات کلی و خاص وارده به پیش‌نویس مواد مورد بررسی قرار گیرد. نتیجه پایانی این مقاله این است که کمیسیون توسعه‌ی ناموزونی را در پیش گرفت که به نظر می‌رسد اجرای طرح را در آینده با دشواری‌هایی روبرو خواهد ساخت.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

A Critical View of the Draft Articles on the Responsibility of International Organizations

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hamid Alhooii Nazari 1
  • Agil Mohammadi 2
1 Assistant professor of public law, Faculty of Law and Political Sciences, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran
2 Ph.D. Student of International Law, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

The draft articles on the international responsibility of States as a turning point in the International Law Commission’s activities encouraged the commission to complete its work on international responsibility by codifying regulations in the area of responsibility of international organizations. But after a decade, the Commission draw up a draft of which was met with much criticism. In addition to criticisms against some of the articles, major concerns about the success of this document return to general problems that are related to the Commission’s work, including lack of attention to the differences between the government and international organization on the one hand, and the differences between organizations themselves about responsibility issue on the other hand, as well as the lack of sufficient jurisprudence about organizations. In this article, the most important general and specific objections and criticisms against the draft articles will be considered and it concludes The Commission took a disproportionate development it seems that the draft will face difficulties in the future.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Draft Articles
  • Internationally Wrongful Act
  • Jurisprudence
  • International Responsibility
  • International Law Commission
  • International Organizations

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