نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه حقوق خصوصی، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
2 گروه حقوق خصوصی و اسلامی دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
3 استادیار گروه حقوق خصوصی، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
چکیده
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Introduction
Lawyers have neglected to describe and analyze the influence of social phenomena and the legal effects of juridical incidents. They have not studied methods for calculating and evaluating the effects of legislative, administrative, and judicial rulings, nor have they paid sufficient attention to developing the necessary tools to influence the social sphere. Instead, legal scholars continue to focus on traditional rules and comparative legal systems, striving to advance legal frameworks. However, public satisfaction with the legal system and its efficacy has declined, prompting economists to employ economic analysis to assess and reform legal systems. Meanwhile, social engineering has emerged, advocating utopian ideals and competing with legal science.
Additionally, the current legal system faces numerous challenges, including:
Rising litigation rates, procedural delays, and psychological burdens on parties;
Escalating sudden violence and the need to enhance public satisfaction with justice distribution;
Overcriminalization and prison overcrowding;
High litigation costs and the limited effectiveness of government-provided legal aid;
Declining reliance on attorneys and reduced interest in notarization;
Failure to address unfair legal victories;
Neglect of the relationship between the legal system and norm reinforcement;
The weakening of family institutions;
The expanding scope and cost of government responsibilities.
How can fundamental legal disputes, such as the substance of natural proceedings, be analyzed using an engineering approach?
How can insights from psychology, economics, information technology, cultural studies, social engineering, and power strategies be synthesized into a legal theory?
How can this theory help perceive the geometry of social conflicts (the "game environment")?
How can a mathematical function be formulated to calculate justice status and engineer the effects of legislative, administrative, and judicial decisions to address the aforementioned issues?
Given these issues, this research aims to develop a general theory and practical tools to advance private rights and reduce reliance on criminal law. By examining the natural processes of social phenomena—where each layer is governed by distinct dimensions and legal rules—this study seeks to answer the following key questions:
Methods
The hypothesis posits that by analyzing and describing various forms of social conflicts using interdisciplinary findings, an engineering approach can be applied to assess social disputes. By recognizing different conflict patterns and enhancing legal system functions, new regulatory tools can be developed to engineer justice status. The proposed solutions are examined through descriptive, analytical, comparative, and innovative engineering research.
Findings
The study reveals that culture emerges from the interplay between philosophy and civilization, forming the foundation of a society's legal system. Furthermore, the legal system's functions reinforce social norms. In the Islamic legal framework, the sy stem's purpose is to distribute legislative justice in accordance with Sharia objectives, which serve as its foundational principles. According to Article 156 of the Constitution, if rights derived from Islamic law are violated or denied, the legal system must redistribute justice. Therefore, drawing on expert opinions and scientific findings, a multi-objective function—applicable to AI—can be formulated to engineer legislation, administrative actions, and judicial interpretations. Additionally, based on game theory and behavioral economic analysis, decision-making within the "game environment" can be systematically engineered
Results
The proposed theory of legal system engineering, grounded in private law and varying interpretations of crime within Islamic legal philosophy, is presented. This theory can be applied to engineer behaviors in preemptive, interventionary, and post-conflict scenarios to uphold justice.
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