نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری حقوق بین‌الملل، گروه حقوق عمومی و بین‌الملل، دانشکده حقوق، الهیات و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران.
2 استادیار (عضو هیئت علمی)، گروه حقوق بین‌الملل عمومی، دانشکده حقوق، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران.
چکیده
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
The legal system of Iranian cinema relies on a "dual permit" mechanism, meaning filmmakers must obtain a "Production Permit" before production and a "Screening Permit" for exhibition. This process, grounded in Council of Ministers' resolutions, enables extensive administrative intervention in artistic creation and presentation. Using a descriptive-analytical method and critical legal analysis, this study examines whether the authority of the "Film Review Council" and the procedures of the "Screenplay Evaluation Council" in suspending or revoking permits align with human rights standards and fundamental principles of public law. Findings indicate that, under the three-part test for restrictions on freedom of expression, the licensing system lacks necessity, proportionality, and legal transparency, and deviates from the domestic law principle of non-competence, thereby expanding arbitrary discretion. The lack of effective legal guarantees and the largely ceremonial presence of cinema guilds undermine filmmakers' legal security and, by institutionalizing prior censorship, reduce artistic freedom from a "right" to an administrative privilege. Good governance in cinema requires two transformations: first, ending governance by regulation through comprehensive parliamentary legislation mandating adherence to substantive human rights to preclude expansive interpretations; and second, transitioning from preventive censorship to ex-post judicial oversight grounded in presumptive liberty and a fair trial.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
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