نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 گروه حقوق تجارت بینالملل و مالکیت فکری و فضای مجازی، دانشکده حقوق، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.
2 گروه حقوق بشر و حقوق محیط زیست، دانشکده حقوق، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی.
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Streaming technology enables the online transmission of audio-visual content without requiring the download or storage of a copy on the user’s device. However, the proliferation of this technology, while increasing legal access, has also spurred a critical surge in illegal uses, foregrounding the issue of creators’ rights infringement. This study addresses the central research question: which legal rules govern the protection of creators’ rights in streaming platforms, and what are the minimum standards of protection? To answer this, the research adopts a descriptive-analytical method alongside a comparative study of the legal systems in the European Union (EU), the United States (US), and Iran. The key conclusion is that creators’ rights in streaming services are protected under the Right of Communication to the Public. Due to its on-demand and user-initiated nature, this right is fundamentally distinguished from the right of reproduction and traditional broadcasting. This view is affirmed by significant rulings from the CJEU and the US Supreme Court. In Iran, the Law for the Protection of Authors, Composers, and Artists (1970) recognizes this right. Additionally, the E-Commerce Law (2004) supports the author’s exclusive rights, including reproduction, distribution, public performances, and the moral rights of integrity and attribution, within the framework of electronic transactions. The research outcome indicates that effective protection is possible under Iranian law. Nevertheless, to enhance its efficacy, the nature of streaming transmission and its demarcation from permanent reproduction and independent signaling must be addressed more precisely in legal interpretation, literature, and legislative policy.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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