نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 گروه حقوق، دانشکدهی ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم آباد، ایران
2 گروه حقوق، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم آباد، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
The issue of allocating repair and maintenance responsibilities for the leased property, particularly minor repairs, is a critical legal and practical challenge in tenancy relations, impacting economic stability and judicial predictability. This descriptive-analytical research examines the legal bases and instances of minor repair liability in Iranian law, French law, and Imami jurisprudence to clarify which party bears this responsibility under Iran's current legislation. Findings indicate that the Iranian Civil Code (Art. 486) and jurisprudential principles—such as the non-liability of the tenant for ordinary usage costs, the lessor's obligation for continuous provision of full usufruct, the fiduciary nature of the tenant’s possession, the rule of Man Lahul Ghurm Fa-Alayhil Ghurm, and the necessity of avoiding Gharar (risk/uncertainty)—all imply that, absent explicit agreement or specific custom, all repairs (major and minor), unless resulting from the tenant's transgression or negligence, are the lessor's responsibility. While the 1977 Landlord and Tenant Relations Act assigned minor repairs to the tenant, this rule is not generalizable to current relations governed by the 1997 Act and the Civil Code. In contrast, French law (the 1989 Law and the 1987 Decree), by precisely enumerating the instances, places minor repair responsibility on the tenant based on damages from normal use, routine maintenance, and practical considerations. This article argues that Iran's current judicial practice, which holds the tenant responsible for minor repairs, requires reconsideration and proposes solutions like the tenant performing repairs at the lessor's expense. This analysis will contribute to increased legal clarity and reduced disputes.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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