Economic analysis of criminal law applies economic methods and tools to study crimes and responds to them. Estimation of costs of criminal justice, sources and their allocation, are the subject of economic analysis of efficacy of criminal justice programs. The prevention of crime is one of emphasized responses to crime in criminal justice. The criminologists with respect to different crimes, design various programs and offer for implementation in the criminal justice systems. Because of scarcity of sources, policymakers are inevitable to choice the most economic program. The economic analysis of crime prevention program to allow comparison of the outcomes of policy options with comparable costs — is also worth pursuing to allow for selection among a menu of prevention programs, given scarce public and private resources for all things. In the legal system of Iran, principal 156 of the Constitutional Law prescribes prevention of crime through the judiciary. In spite of its importance, the economic analysis of crime prevention has not been considered so much in the legal researches in Iran. This article explains the importance of the economic analysis of crime prevention, cost-benefit analysis and cost-effectiveness analysis models of economic analysis of crime prevention.
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