The Foundation of Legal Paternalism  with a Look at its Role in Criminalization

Nobahar, Rahim; Tehrani, Alireza

doi:10.22099/jls.2020.32430.3293

The Foundation of Legal Paternalism with a Look at its Role in Criminalization

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Rahim Nobahar ¹
Alireza Tehrani ²

¹ faculty of Law, Shahid Beheshti University

² PhD Candidate, Faculty of Law, Department of Criminal Law and Criminology, Shahid Beheshti University

10.22099/jls.2020.32430.3293

Abstract

Abstract: Theoretical foundations of legal paternalism stem from particular epistemological, ethical and political theories. The existence of a wide range of paternalism such as soft, hard, strict, wide, pure and impure has led to the emergence of different attitudes toward paternalism. Recognition of legal paternalism requires a kind of authoritative legal system and results in ignoring the rights to freedoms of citizens and limitation of their choices. By criticizing the epistemic, moral and political foundations of paternalism, the article accepts paternalism in all aspects of citizen’s affairs including criminal issues only in a very limited way and exceptional cases. Findings of this study suggest that paternalism is accepted only if it does not violate the complete freedom of citizens and is seriously necessary. Moreover, paternalism is justified when its targets lack knowledge about matters as in case of infants, insanes and mentally ill people.
Keywords: Legal paternalism, harm to self, theory of political power, criminalization.

Keywords

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