Shiraz University Journal of Legal Studies 2008-7926 12 3 2020 10 22 Violation of Spiritual Dignity in the Realm of Testimony of Witnesses and Challenging the Witness Violation of Spiritual Dignity in the Realm of Testimony of Witnesses and Challenging the Witness 67 91 5910 10.22099/jls.2020.31633.3201 FA Hossein Javar Assistant Professor, Private Law, Pardis Farabi, Tehran University Hosein Hooshmand Assistant Professor, Qom, Iran Journal Article 2018 12 14 “The position of bearing witness”, “the position of giving testimony” and “challenging the witness” are among the cases that violate the spiritual dignity of individuals seriously, specifically in the case where the contents of the testimony of witnesses and all that is stated to challenge the witness, according to circumstance, relate to the spiritual dignity of the “defendant”, “witness”, or the “plaintiff”.<br /> On the one hand, the spiritual dignity of individuals is respected and preserved, and attempts have been made and it is emphasized and expected to protect and to preserve it from any violation and that in the case of violation, the legal and criminal prosecution is made possible. On the other hand, it is seen, at least in some cases, that the execution of some rules is concurrent with the violation of spiritual dignity of other individuals and that impossibility to enter the privacy of individuals practically leads to the abandonment or the complete lack of execution of important rules. Therefore, the question arises here as to how can one put these apparently controversial rules together? “The position of bearing witness”, “the position of giving testimony” and “challenging the witness” are among the cases that violate the spiritual dignity of individuals seriously, specifically in the case where the contents of the testimony of witnesses and all that is stated to challenge the witness, according to circumstance, relate to the spiritual dignity of the “defendant”, “witness”, or the “plaintiff”.<br /> On the one hand, the spiritual dignity of individuals is respected and preserved, and attempts have been made and it is emphasized and expected to protect and to preserve it from any violation and that in the case of violation, the legal and criminal prosecution is made possible. On the other hand, it is seen, at least in some cases, that the execution of some rules is concurrent with the violation of spiritual dignity of other individuals and that impossibility to enter the privacy of individuals practically leads to the abandonment or the complete lack of execution of important rules. Therefore, the question arises here as to how can one put these apparently controversial rules together? https://jls.shirazu.ac.ir/article_5910_8b6b6fd0c84f2daf958dc38f0d7ace35.pdf